Lesser of Two Evils: Allocating Resources to Opposition Districts in Pakistan

Though many scholars find that incumbent party legislators benefit from higher access to distributive resources than opposition ones, there is less attention on how are distributed among districts. In most contexts, districts cannot be fully cut off funds and get credit for spending in their constituencies, which harms the ruling party. I argue that, such situations, will discriminate between its own ones but this discrimination based swing being punished rather strongholds. Using data federal development Pakistan fixed-effects estimators, show difference driven by while core areas have similar as party's The findings further our understanding of politics potential implications long-term patterns.